Electrical signaling system.



I Patented Aug; 6, 190|. .I. A. GEHIIUNG. ELECI'FHGALv SIGNALING SYSTEM.

RECEIVING STATION 6- wm 'BATTERYI-{IIIIIplIlIIIIIf} SENDING STATION.

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No. 680,036. Patented Aug. 6, |91".

.|.4 A. -m-:Hnuna .ELEGTBIGALSIGNALHIG SYSTEM.

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ELEGTRIGAL SIGNALING SYSTEM.

(Applcation med Har. 14, 1901.) (No Modeln 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

JULIEN A. GEHRUNG, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

ELECTRICAL SIGNALING SYSTEM.

SPECIFCATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 680,036, dated August 6, 1901.

Application tiled March 14. 1901. Serial No. 51,055. (No model.)

To a/ZZ whom, t may con/cern:

Be it known that I, JULIEN A. GEHRUNG, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of St. Louis, -in the State of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electrical Signaling Systems, of which -the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to that system of signal transmission in which the sending and receiving stations are electrically connected together by a single line Wire or conductor and With'which the depression of any particular key of the sending instrument Will cause an operation of the corresponding key of the receiving instrument.

The object of the present invention is in the main to provide a novel combination and construction of the component parts of the described type of signaling systems and which affords great simplicity and durability of parts, combined with great certainty and efficiency of operation, as Will hereinafter' more fully appear and be more particularly pointed out in the claims. I attain such object by the construction and arrangement of parts illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in Which- Figure lis a diagrammatic View of the present improved system arranged and adaptedV for use as a printingtelegraph apparatus; Fig. 2, a vertical sectional elevation of the combined sending and receiving instrument for use in the separated stations between which messages are intended to be sent and printed as received; Fig. 3, an enlarged fragmentary elevation of the series of coacting circuit-closing mechanisms of the series of selective electromagnets of the present invention; Fig. 4, an end elevation of the same, illustrating the operating electromagnet and connections for an individual circuit-closing mechanism; Fig. 5, an enlarged detail sectional elevation illustrating the means whereby the different portions or parts of the circuit-closing mechanism are insulated from each other.

Similar numerals of reference indicate like parts in the several views.

In the accompanying drawings the present invention is illustrated or embodied in the form of a printing-telegraph apparatus in which the sending and receiving stations are each provided with a counterpart combined message sending and receiving apparatus connected together by a single main-line Wire or conductor, the sending mechanism Whereof Will comprise as follows:

l represents a series of sending-keys, corresponding in number to the different char- Iacters, letters, dac., intended to be transmitted and each provided with its individual circuit-closing contacts 2, each of which is in turn adapted to close in an individual manner the circuit of the main-line battery 3 through the individual branch Wires 4. and the electrical resistance 5 with the lnain-line Wire 0r conductor 6,' which connects the sending and receiving stations together.

The electrical resistance 5, above mentioned, will usually comprise a single elongated coil of resistance wire, to which the series of branch wires or conductors tare con-v nected at regular intervals in order to subdivide the same into a continuous series of resistance-sections, so that the operation of any one sending-key will introduce a degree of resistance into the main-line circuit different from that introduced into said circuit by any of the other sending keys. For example,

With a depression of the lowermost key l, in

diagram View Fig. l no resistance will beintroduced into the main-line circuit, and in consequence the entire electromotive force of the main-line battery 3 will be introduced into such circuit, While with a depression of each successive sending-key toward the upper end of the diagram a graded and progressivelyincreased amount ot' resistance will be introduced in the main-line circuit, with a corresponding decrease in the electromotive force of the current.

The receiving mechanism of the aforesaid combined sending and receiving machine will comprise as follows: 7 represents a series of selective electromagnets corresponding in number With the before-mentioned series of sections in the electrical resist-ance 5 and with the series of sending-keys 1, the Windings of Which are arranged in parallel and connected at one end with the main-line wire or conductor 6 and at the other end with a return Wire or conductor 8, which may run to ground or to an opposite pole of the main- IOO line battery 3, where an all-metallic circuit is employed in the system. The described series of selective electromagnets 7 have in the present i-nvention varied intensities or electromotive forces graded in a progressive manner to correspond with the graded strengths of the motive current furnished thereto by the sending-keys 1, as heretofore described In the arrangement illustrated in diagram View Fig; 1 the lowermost sending-key transmits the -entire electromotive force of the battery to the main line, and each succeeding sendingkey transmits a proportionately less amount of electromotive force to such main line, as heretofore mentioned, and accordingly the same order or arrangement of the series of selective electro magnets 7 should prevail-to wit, the uppermost of said magnets or the one at the point at which the current enters the message-receiving mechanism will have the lowest electromotive force, and the electromotive force of each succeeding electromagnet of the series will have a proportionately-increased strength.

9 represents the armatures of the respective selective electromagnets 7. Each armature is provided with a yoke-shaped piece carrying in an insulated condition the contact posts or fingers 10 and 11 of a circuitcloser, which is individual to its selective electromagnet 7 and adapted to close the circuit of a local battery 12 upon the individual message-recording device, which in the construction shown in the drawings as illustrative of the present invention is an individual actuating electromagnet 13 of a type-bar 14 of a telegraphic-printing instrument similar in construction and operation to an ordinary electrically-actuated typewriting machine common to the class of' printing-telegraphs to which the present invention relates. This part of the presentinvention in its scope embraces the operation of any other recording means used in electric signaling in lieu of a series of typebars-as for instance, the annunciator-drop of a hotel-annunciator or other like electric signaling apparatus.

With the present invention employed in a printing-telegraph system, as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings, the messagesending mechanism is provided with a separate sending-key, local-battery-circuit closer, and intermediate accessories for each typebar to be actuated in the message-receiving mechanism, a separate set thereof for the word-spacing mechanism, another for the carriage-return mechanism by which the paper-carriage is returned after a line has been printed, and one or more separate sets thereof for the platen-shifting mechanism, when a type-writing mechanism having such provision is employedin connection with the present system, such platen-shift being adapted to effect a change in the printing operation from capitals to lower case, and vice versa.

Such different automatic mechanisms are well known in the art of electrical type-writers and `printing-telegraphs and no extended description of the same will be given herein, as their details of construction constitute no part of hte novel subject-matter of the present invention.

The circuit-closers for the local-battery circuits, heretofore referred to, may be of any usual construction, the only requisite for the purpose of the present invention being that one of the contact-fingers 11 upon the armature of one of the electromagnets 7 will be adapted under certain conditions to contact with the next adjacent contact post or finger 10, carried by the armature ofthe next adjacent electromagnet 7 to close the local-battery circuit to operate the actuating-electromagnet 13 of its particular type-bar 14 or other character-recording device, and under certain other conditions to prevent such closure of the said local circuit and a consequent operation of said type-bar 14 or other character-recording device.

In the presentinvention the first-mentioned condition will occur when the electric current passing along the main line or conductor 6 lacks sufficient strength or electromotive force to energize the second or last mentioned selective electromagnet 7 to cause the same to attract its armature; but possesses sufficient strength or electromotive force to energize the first or initially mentioned selective electromagnet to'cause the same to attract its armature, while the other-or reverse condition above mentioned will occur when the electric current passing along the main line 0r conductor 6 has sufficient strength or electromotive force to energize the last-mentioned selective electromagnet to attract its armature and draw the contact-point 10, carried by such armature, out of the path of the contact-finger l1, carried by the first or initially mentioned selective electromagnet.

It is evident from the foregoing description that the amount of electrical resistance included in the main-line circuit and the consequent electromotive force of the same varies with the particular sending-key of the series that is actuated or depressed and that with a corresponding construction of the selective electromagnets in the message-receiving mechanism, as heretofore described, it follows that on the depression of any particular sending-key a current will be sent along the main line having the requisite amount of electromotive force to actuate its particular selective electromagnet, as well as those of weaker resistance, and close its particular local-battery circuit upon the operating-electromagnet of its particular type-bar or other equivalent device, but insu Eficient to actuate any of the subsequent selective electromagnets, the windings of which require a higher electromotive force to actively operate the Same.

Assuming that an intermediate sending- IOO IIO

key of the system illustrated in Fig. 1 be depressed to energize its particular selective electromagnet, all the selective electromagnets below such particular selective electromagnet will remain dormant owing to the comparatively-'reduced electromotive force eXisting in the main-line circuit, while all the selective electromagnets above such particular selective electromagnet will be energized by the comparatively high electromotive force existing in the main-line circuit, and all of such last-mentioned selective electromagnets would actively operate their armatures to close their individual local-battery circuits of the operating-electromagnets of their particular type-bars Were it not for the particular arrangement heretofore described of the interdepending circuit-closers, and accordingly with such interdepending of circuitclosers the first-mentioned or predetermined selective ele'ctromagnet will by the movement of its armature bring its contact-fin ger 11 into electrical contact with the contact post or tinger 10, carried by the armature of the next lowermost selective electromagnet, to close the particular local-battery circuit and operate the particular type-bar. Such last-mentioned contact post or iinger 10 retains its position to enable the companion contact-finger 11 to have electrical contact therewith owing to the fact that the electromotive force in the main-line circuit is not sufficiently high to energize the windings of the next lowermost selective electromagnet, so as to cause the same to attract its armature upon which said contact-iin ger 10 is carried, while in the case of the series of selective electro magnets above the iirst-mentioned or predetermined one the armatures will all be attracted to remove the series of contact-points 10 carried thereby out of the path of the series of companion contact-points 11 to prevent electrical contacts between the same, and thus prevent the establishment of any local-battery circuit other than the particular one intended to operate the particular type-bar of the particular sending-key that is operated.

In the present improvement the lowermost selective electromagnet of the series will have its contact point or iinger corresponding to the contact-point 10 of the remainder of the series in the form of a nger or contact-post 10', fixed on the main frame of the apparatus, as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 3.

Vith a release of a particular sending-key the main-line circuit will be broken, and the various parts will automatically return to their normal position ready for a subsequent action.

The actuatingelectromagnets 13 of the type-bars 14: are adapted to actuate the letterspacing mechanism 15 of the printing mechanism in substantially the same manner as is now eected in the ordinary type-Writing machine, and no other provision will be required to effect such spacing between letters. The spacing between words will, however,

require a separate provision, and in the present construction such provision is supplied by a separate sending-key, selective electromagnet, interdepending circuit-closer, and operating-electromagnet in t-he local-battery circuit, the armature of which has operative connection with the spacing-escape'ment of the type-.Writing mechanism. In like manner a counterpart arrangement of such parts will be provided in connection with any usual electrical line-shift mechanism, with any automatic carriage-return mechanism, as well as with a platen-shift mechanism, where one is employed. No novelty is, however, claimed herein for such automatic provisions, as the same are usual and common in the systems of printing-telegraphs heretofore proposed.

In the particular type of the interdepending circuit-closing contact points or fingers for the series ofselective electromagnets illustrated in Figs. 1, 3, 4, and 5 of the drawings, 10 represents contact posts or fingers iiXed in an insulated manner to one arm or fork of the upper portion of a vertically moving yoke-frame 16 and connected to one pole of the local battery 12, operating the type-bars or other recording or indicating mechanisms. 11 represents movable companion contactiingers connected by their individual wires or conductors to the other pole of the local battery 12 and normally out of contact with the contact-fingers 10. 17 represents fixed brackets, to which the movable contact-fingers 11 are fulcrnmed at one end. The central portions of said contact-fingers have operative pivotal connection to an arm or fork of the neXt adjacent vertically-moving yokeframe 16, in manner clearlyindicated in Fig. 3, so as to have movement therewith. 1S is a screw coupling-piece of hard rubber or other like insulating material for connecting the sections or parts of the yoke 16 together in an insulated manner. 19 is a bell-crank lever carrying the armature of a selective ielectromagnet 7 and having operative link connection 2O with the verticallymoving yoke-frame 16, so as to impart vertical movement to the same. 21 is a spring tending to draw the armature away from the electromagnet 7, and 22 is a secondary spring tending to force the yoke-frame 16 upward into its normally-raised condition.

Having thus fully described m y said invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In an electrical signaling system, the combination of a main line, a main-line battery, an electrical resistance divided into sections that are connected in series, individual branch wires between the main-line battery and the resistance-sections, a series of sending-keys controlling the branch circuits and adapted to send to the main line signals of a graded electromotive force, a series of selective electromagnets having windings of a graded electromotive force, a series of interdepending circuit-closers actuated by said se- IOO IIO

lective magnets, a series of operating-electromagnets controlled by said circuit-closers, and a series of recording devices actuated by said operating-electromagnets and adapted to record signals at a distant station, substaib tially as set forth.

2. In an electrical signaling system, the combination of a main line, a main-line battery, an electrical resistance divided into sections that are connected in series, individual branch wires between the main-line battery and the resistance-sections, a series of sending-keys controlling the branch circuits and adapted to send to the main line signals of a graded eleetromotive force, a series of selective electromagnets the windings of which are arranged in parallel and have a graded electromotive force, a series of interdepending circuit-closers actuated by said selective electromagnets, a series of operating-electroniagnets controlled by said circuitclosers and a series ot recording devices actuated by the operating-electromagnets and adapted to record signals at a distant station, substantially as set forth.

3. In an electrical signaling system, the combination of a main line, a main-line battery, an electrical resistance divided into sec tions that are connectedin series, individual branch wires between the main-line battery and the resistance-sections, a series of sending-keys controlling` the branch circuits and adapted to send to the main line signals of a graded electromotive force, a series of selective electromagnets the windings of which are arranged in parallel and have a graded electr-emotive force, a series of interdepending circnit-closers actuated by said selective eleetromagnets, one contact-finger of each local-circuit closer being controlled by one selective electromagnet and the companion eontact-finger by the next adjacent selective electromagnet, a series of operating-electromagnets controlled by said ci1'cuit-close1's,and a series of recording devices actuated by the operating-electro1nagnets and adapted to record signals at a distant station, substantially as set forth.

4. In an electrical signaling system, the combination of a main line, a main-line battery, an electrical resistance divided into sections that are connected in series, individual branch wires between the main-line battery and the resistance-sections, a series of sending-keys controlling the branch circuits and adapted to send to the main line signals of a graded electr-emotive force, a series of selective electromagnets the windings of which are arranged in parallel and have a graded electromotive i'orce, a series of interdepending circuit-closers actuated by said selective electromagnets, one contact-finger of each local-circuit closer being controlled by one selective electromagnet and the companion contact-finger" by the next adjacent selective electromagnet and the final contact-finger of the series by a iixed support on the main frame, a series of operating electroinagnets controlled by said cireuit-closers, and a series of recording devices actuated by the operating-electromagnets and adapted to record signals at a distant station, substantially as set forth.

5. In an electrical signaling system, the combination of a main line, a main-line battery, an electrical resistance divided into sections that are connected in series, individual branch wires between the main-line battery and the resistance-sections, a series of sending-keys controlling the branch circuits and adapted to send to the main line signals of a graded electr-emotive force, a series ot' selective electromagnets the windings of which are arranged in parallel and have a graded electromotive force, a series of interdepend ing circuitclosers actuated by said selective electromagnets, one contact-iinger of each local-circuit closer being controlled by one selective electrornagnet and the companion contact-iin ger by the next adjacent selective elec* tromagnet, the said companion iinger cornprising a bar or member fulcrumed at one end to a stationary bracket and pivotally connected at its center with an extension on the armature of a selective eleetromagnet, a series of operating-electromagnets controlled by said circuit-closers, and a series of recording devices actuated by the operating'- electrolnagnets and adapted to record signals at a distant station, substantially as set forth.

6. In an electrical signaling system, the combination of a main line, a main-line battery, an electrical resistance divided into sections that are connected in series, individual branch wires between the main-line battery and the resistanceesections, a series oi:` sending-keys controlling the branch circuits and adapted to send to the main line signals of a graded electromotive force, a series of selective electro magnets the windings of which are arranged in parallel and have a graded electromotive force, a series ot' interdepending circuit-closers actuated by said selective electromagnets, one contaet-n'nger of each localcircuit closer being controlled by one selective electromagnet and the companion contactringer by the next adjacent selective electromagnet, and the iinal contact-finger of the series bya fixed support on the main frame, the said companion finger comprising a bar or member fulcrumed at one end to a stationary bracket and pivotally connected at its center withv an extension on the armature of a selective electromagnet, a series of operating-electromagnets controlled by said circuit-closers, and a series of recording devices actuated by the operating-electromagnets and adapted `to record signals at a distant station, substantially as set forth.

7. An electrical signaling system having means for sending to the main line signal in1 pulses having a graded electrornotive force combined with a main line, a main-line battery, a series of selective electromagnets the IOO IOS

lIO

windings of which are arranged in parallel and have a graded electromotive force, a series of interdepending circuit-closers actuated by said selecti ve electromagnets, one contact-finger of each local-circuit closer being controlled by one selective electromagnet and the companion contact-iinger by the next adjacent selective electromagnet, a series of operatingelectromagnets controlled by said circuitclose'rs,rand a series ofrecording devices actuated by the operating-electromagnets and adapted to record signals at a distant station, substantially as set forth.

8. An electrical signaling system having means for sending tothe main line signal impulses having a graded electromotive force combined .with a main line, a main-line battery, a series of selective electromagnets the windings of which are arranged in parallel and havea graded electromotive force, a series of interdepending circuit-closers actuated by said selective electromagnets, one contact-finger of each local-circuit closer being controlled by one selective electromagnet and the companion contact-finger by the next adjacent selective electromagnet and the final contact-finger of a series by a fixed support on the main frame, a series of operating-electromagnets controlled by said circuit-closers, and a series of recording devices actuated by the operating-electromagnets and adapted to record signals at a distant station, substantially as set forth.

9. An electrical signaling system having means for sending to the main line signal impulses having a graded'electromotive force combined with a main line, a main-line battery, a series of selective electromagnets the windings of which are arranged in parallel and have a graded electromotive force, a series of interdepending circuit-closers actuated by said selective electromagnets, one contact-linger of each local-circuit closer bein g controlled by one selective electromagnet and the companion contact-finger by the next adjacent selective electromagnet the said companion finger comprising a bar or member fulcrumed at one end to a stationary bracket and pivotally connected at its center with an extension on the armature of a selective electromagnet, a series of operating-electromagnets controlled by said circuit-closers, and a series of recording `devices actuated by the operating-electromaguets and adapted to record signals at a distance, substantially as set forth.

10. An electrical signaling system having means for sending to the main line signal impulses having a graded electromotive force combined with a main line, a main-line battery, a series of selective electromagnets the windings of which are arranged in parallel and have a graded electromotive force, a series of interdepending circuit-closers actuated by said selective electromagnets, one contact-iinger of-each local-circuit closer being controlled by one selective electromagnet and the companion contact-finger by the next adjacent selective electromagn et and the final contact-finger of the series by a fixed support on the main frame, the said companion finger comprising a bar or member fulcrumed at one end to a stationary bracket and pivotally connected at its center with an extension on the armature of a selective electromagnet, series of operating-electromagnets controlled by said circuit-closers, and a series of recording devices actuated by the operating-electromagn ets and adapted to record signals at a distant station, substantially as set forth.

ll. In a printing-telegraph system, the combination ofcounterpart combined sendingand receiving instruments at the respective stations, a main line, a main-line battery, each instrument being provided with an electrical resistance divided into sections that are connected in series, individual branch wires between the main-line battery and the resistance-sections, a series of sending-keys controlling the branch circuits and adapted to send to the main line signals of a graded electromotive force, a series of selective electromagnets having windings of a graded electromotive force, a series of interdepending circuit-closers actuated by said selective magnets, a series of local-battery circuits controlled by said circuit-closers, a series of electromagnets in said local circuits and a series of type-bars operated by said electromagn ets, substantially as set forth.

l2. In a printing-telegraph system, the combination of counterpart combinedsendingand receiving instruments at the respective stations, a main line, a main-line battery, each instrument being provided with an electrical resistance divided into sections that are connected in series, individual branch Wires betweenthe main-line battery and the resistance-sections, a series of sending-keys controlling the branch circuits and adapted to send to the main line signals of a graded electromotive force, a series of selective, electroinagnets the windings of which are arranged in parallel and have a graded electromotive force,`a series of interdepending circuit-closers actuated by said selective magnets, a series of local-battery circuits controlled by said circuit-closers, a series of electromagnets in said local circuits and a series of type-bars operated by said electromagnets, substantially as set forth.

13. In a printing-telegraph system, the combination of counterpart combinedsending and receiving instruments at the respective stations, a main line, a main-line battery, each instrument being provided with an electrical resistance divided into sections that are connected in series, individual branch wires between the main-line battery and the resistance-sections a series of sending-keys controlling the branch circuits and adapted to send to the main line signals of a graded elec- IOO tromotive force, a series of selective electromagnets the windings of which are arranged in parallel and have a graded electromotive force,aseries ofinterdependingcircuit-closers actuated by said selective magnets, one contact-iuger of each local-circuit closer being controlled by one selectiveelectromagnet and the companion contact-finger by the next adjacent selective electromagnet, a series of local-battery circuits controlled by said circuit-closers, a series of electromagnets in said local circuits, and a series of type-bars operated by said electromagnets, substantially as set forth.

14. In a printing-telegraph system, the combination ofcounterpart combined sendiugand receiving instruments at the respective stations, a main line, a main-line battery, each instrument being provided with an electrical resistance divided into sections that are connected in series, individual branch wires between the main-line battery and the resistance-sections, a series of sending-keys controlling the branch circuits and adapted to send to the main line signals of a graded electromotive force, a series of selective electromagnets the windings ot which are arranged in parallel and have a graded electromotive force,aseries ofinterdependingcircuit-closers actuated by said selective magnets, one contact-finger of each local-circuit closer being controlled by one select ive electromagnet and the companion contact-finger by the next adjacent selective electromagnet and the final contact.-finger of the series by a fixed support on the main frame, a series of local-battery circuits controlled by said circuit-closets, a series of electromagnets in said local circuits, and a series ot' type-bars operated by said electromagnets, substantially as set forth.

l5. luaprinting-telegraphsystem,thecoinbinationofcounterpartcombinedsendingand receiving instruments at the respective sta- -tions, a main line, a main-line battery, each instrument being provided with an electrical resistance divided into sections that are connected in series, individual branch wires between the main-line battery and the resistancesections, a series of sending-keyscontrolling the branch circuits and adapted to send to the main line signals of a graded electromotive force, a series of selective electromagnets the windings of which are arranged in parallel and have a graded electromotive force,a series of interdepending circuit-closcrs actuated by said selective magnets, one contact-inger of each local-circuit closer being controlled by one selective electromagnet and the companion contact-finger by the next adjacent selective electromagnet, the said companion finger comprising a bar or lnember fulcrumed at one end to a stationarybracket and pivotally connected at its center with an extension on the armature of aselective electromagnet, a series of local-battery circuits controlled by said circuit-closers, a series of electromagnets in said local circuits, and a series of type-bars operated by said electromaguets, substantially as set forth.

16. In a printing-telegraph system, the coinbination of counterpart combined sendingand receiving instruments at the respective stations, a main line,va main-line battery, each instrument being provided with an electrical resistance divided into sections that are connected in series, individual branch wires between the main-line battery and the resistance-sections, a series of sending-keys controlling the branch circuits and adapted to send to the main line signals of a graded electromotive force, a series of selective electro magnets the windings of which are arranged in parallel and have a graded electromotive force,aseriesof interdependingcircuit-closers actuated by said selective magnets, one contact-finger of each localcircuit closer being controlled by one selective electromagnet and the companion contactfinger by the next adjacent selective electromagnet and the final contact-finger of the series by a fixed support on the main frame, the said companion finger comprising a bar or member fulcrumed at one end to a stationary bracket and pivotaliy connected at its center with an extension on the armature ot' a selective electromagnet, a series ot' local-battery circuits controlled by said circuit-closers, a series of electromagnets in said local circuits, and a series of typebars operated by said electromagnets, substantially as set forth.

Signed at Chicago, Illinois, this 12th day of March, 1901.

JULIEN A. GEHRUNG.

Witnesses:

ROBERT BURNS, HENRY A. No'rr.

IOC 

